WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM | HOW CPU WORKS ? HOW OPERATING SYSTEM WORKS ? COMPUTER FOR ALL EXAMS |

WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM | HOW CPU WORKS ? HOW OPERATING SYSTEM WORKS ? COMPUTER FOR ALL EXAMS |
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An operating system (OS) is a system software that serves as the fundamental software framework for a computer or computing device. It is a crucial component that manages and controls hardware resources, provides services for software applications, and facilitates communication between the hardware and software layers of a computer system.

Key functions and features of an operating system include:

Process Management: It oversees the execution of various software programs or processes, managing tasks such as scheduling, multitasking, and resource allocation to ensure efficient utilization of CPU and memory.

Memory Management: The OS controls and allocates memory resources to different programs, ensuring that they do not interfere with each other’s memory space and can access the necessary memory when needed.

File System Management: Operating systems provide a file system that allows users and software applications to organize, store, retrieve, and manipulate data on storage devices like hard drives and SSDs.

Device Management: It manages hardware devices such as printers, keyboards, mice, network adapters, and more, enabling communication between these devices and software applications.

User Interface: The OS often provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to interact with the computer system, either through a graphical user interface (GUI) or a command-line interface (CLI).

Security and Access Control: Operating systems implement security measures to protect data, control access to system resources, and ensure the integrity and confidentiality of information.

Networking: Many modern operating systems support network protocols and functionality, enabling devices to connect to networks and communicate with other devices over the internet or local networks.

Error Handling: OSes handle various types of errors and exceptions that can occur during system operation, helping to prevent system crashes and providing error messages to users.

System Services: They provide essential system services to applications, such as timing services, interprocess communication (IPC), and event handling.

Kernel: The core of the operating system, known as the kernel, is responsible for low-level system management and hardware interaction. It acts as an intermediary between hardware and software.

Popular examples of operating systems include Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android, each tailored for specific types of devices and use cases. Operating systems are crucial for running software applications and managing the hardware resources of a computer, making them a fundamental part of modern computing systems.

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