Illegal mining is entrenched in South Africa. And it occurs both on the surface and underground in closed, abandoned, and functioning mines. The Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Mineral Resources and Energy says unlawful mining has become a national security issue. Earlier in August, the Riverlea community in southern Johannesburg staged a series of protests about violent turf wars between rival zama zama gangs. Mining analyst, David van Wyk, Kgothatso Nhlengetwa from the National Association of Artisanal Miners, and Johannesburg Public Safety MMC Mgcini Tshwaku. Courtesy of #DStv403
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