The electric shovel excavator is a large-scale mining and earth-moving equipment, mainly used for excavating and moving earth, stone, ore, etc. Its working principle and main components are as follows:
Working principle
The electric shovel excavator is driven by an electric motor and uses a bucket for excavation and transportation. The operator operates the various parts of the electric shovel through control levers and switches to complete different excavation tasks.
Main components
1. Chassis: supports the entire equipment and provides mobility. Usually equipped with tracks or tires to adapt to different terrains.
2. Rotating platform: installed on the chassis and can rotate 360 degrees. The motor, operating room and other main components are installed on the rotating platform.
3. Boom: connected to the rotating platform, it is the support arm of the bucket. The boom can swing up and down to adjust the height and position of the bucket.
4. Dipper arm: connected to the end of the boom, supports the bucket, and can swing back and forth so that the bucket can approach the excavation object.
5. Bucket: directly used for excavation and handling materials. The size and shape of the bucket can vary according to different tasks.
6. Electric motor: Provides power to the electric shovel. The electric motor is usually connected to an external power source through a cable to drive a hydraulic pump or mechanical transmission.
7. Operator’s cabin: Here the operator controls the various parts of the electric shovel. The operator’s cabin is equipped with control levers, buttons, displays, etc. for operating and monitoring the operating status of the equipment.
Working process
1. Positioning: The electric shovel moves to the working area through tracks or tires.
2. Digging: The operator inserts the bucket into the earth or ore by controlling the boom, dipper and bucket.
3. Lifting: The boom and dipper work together to lift the bucket filled with materials.
4. Rotation: The rotating platform rotates to move the bucket to the unloading point.
5. Unloading: The bucket opens and dumps the material into a truck, hopper or designated location.
6. Return: After the bucket is empty, the rotating platform rotates back to the digging position and is ready for the next digging.
Electric shovel excavators are widely used in mines, construction sites, water conservancy projects and other fields. Their efficient digging and handling capabilities make them indispensable equipment in these fields.
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