Joscha Bach: Consciousness, Artificial Intelligence, and the Threat of AI Apocalypse
Patreon:
Joscha Bach is a computer scientist and artificial intelligence researcher currently working with Liquid AI. He has previously done research at Harvard, MIT, Intel, and the AI Foundation. In this episode, Joscha and Robinson discuss the nature of consciousness—both in humans and synthetic—various theories of consciousness like panpsychism, physicalism, dualism, and Roger Penrose’s, the distinction between intelligence and artificial intelligence, the next developments of ChatGPT and other LLMs, OpenAI, and whether advances in AI will spell the end of humankind.
Joscha’s X:
OUTLINE
00:00 Introduction
03:33 Why are Legos Like Computer Programs?
11:17 Using Computer Science to Understand Reality
19:14 Is Reality a Simulation?
26:20 Does Roger Penrose’s Theory of Consciousness Make Sense?
35:15 Could Dualism Explain the Human Mind?
41:03 What’s Wrong with Panpsychism?
52:59 What Is Intelligence?
58:22 What Defines the Current Wave of AI?
01:08:18 Does ChatGPT Mirror the Human Mind?
01:18:43 Will ChatGPT Become Smarter than Humans?
01:27:58 Will ChatGPT Philosophize Better than Philosophers?
01:39:16 Shoulder We Fear AI?
01:49:47 What’s More Dangerous: The Internet or AI?
01:54:20 Could AI Take Over the Planet?
01:59:22 Will AI Make Human Artists Obsolete?
02:11:28 Could AI Solve Climate Change?
Robinson’s Website:
Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University. Join him in conversations with philosophers, scientists, and everyone in-between.
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You cant work out consciousness with your mind or your mouth.
Pattern maker? What are the patterns made of? Energy? What kind of energy?
I am a physicist and I explain why current physics leaves not room for the possibility that brain processes can be a sufficient condition for the existence of consciousness. The hypothesis that consciousness emerges from, or can be identified with physical, chemical or biological processes is incompatible with current physics.
It is a scientifically established fact that a mental experience is associated with numerous distinct microscopic physical processes that occur at different points; there is no physical entity that connects all these distinct microscopic processes, therefore the existence of mental experience requires an element of connection that is not described by current physics. This missing element of connection can be identified with what we traditionally refer to as the soul (in my youtube channel you can find a video with more detailed explanations).
Emergent properties are often thought of as arising from complex systems (like the brain). However, I argue that these properties are subjective cognitive constructs that depend on the level of abstraction we choose to analyze and describe the system. Since these descriptions are mind-dependent, consciousness, being implied by these cognitive contructs, cannot itself be an emergent property.
Preliminary considerations: the concept of set refers to something that has an intrinsically conceptual and subjective nature and implies the arbitrary choice of determining which elements are to be included in the set; what can exist objectively are only the individual elements. Defining a set is like drawing an imaginary line to separate some elements from others. This line doesn't exist physically; it’s a mental construct. The same applies to sequences of processes—they are abstract concepts created by our minds.
Mental experiences are necessary for the existence of subjectivity/arbitrariness and cognitive constructs; Therefore, mental experience itself cannot be just a cognitive construct.
Obviously we can conceive the concept of consciousness, but the concept of consciousness is not actual consciousness; We can talk about consciousness or about pain, but merely talking about it isn’t the same as experiencing it. (With the word consciousness I do not refer to self-awareness, but to the property of being conscious= having a mental experiences such as sensations, emotions, thoughts, memories and even dreams)
From the above considerations it follows that only indivisible elements may exist objectively and independently of consciousness, and consequently the only logically coherent and significant statement is that consciousness exists as a property of an indivisible element. Furthermore, this indivisible entity must interact globally with brain processes because there is a well-known correlation between brain processes and consciousness. However, this indivisible entity cannot be physical, since according to the laws of physics, there is no physical entity with such properties. The soul is the missing element that interprets globally the distinct elementary physical processes occurring at separate points in the brain as a unified mental experience.
Clarifications
The brain itself doesn't exist as a completely mind-independent entity. The concept of the brain is based on separating a group of quantum particles from everything else, which is a subjective process, not dictated purely by the laws of physics. Actually there is a continuous exchange of molecules with the blood and when and how such molecules start and stop being part of the brain is decided arbitrarily. An example may clarify this point: the concept of nation. Nation is not a physical entity and does not refer to a mind-independent entity because it is just a set of arbitrarily chosen people. The same goes for the brain.
Brain processes consist of many parallel sequences of ordinary elementary physical processes occurring at separate points. There is no direct connection between the separate points in the brain and such connections are just a subjective abstractions used to approximately describe sequences of many distinct physical processes. Indeed, considering consciousness as a property of an entire sequence of elementary processes implies the arbitrary definition of the entire sequence; the entire sequence as a whole (and therefore every function/property/capacity attributed to the brain) is a subjective abstraction that does not refer to any mind-independendent reality.
Physicalism/naturalism is based on the belief that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain. However, an emergent property is defined as a property that is possessed by a set of elements that its individual components do not possess; my arguments prove that this definition implies that emergent properties are only subjective cognitive constructs and therefore, consciousness cannot be an emergent property. Actually, emergent properties are just simplified and approximate descriptions or subjective classifications of underlying physical processes or properties, which are described directly by the fundamental laws of physics alone, without involving any emergent properties (arbitrariness/subjectivity is involved when more than one option/description is possible). An approximate description is only an abstract idea, and no actual entity exists per se corresponding to that approximate description, simply because an actual entity is exactly what it is and not an approximation of itself. What physically exists are the underlying physical processes. Emergence is nothing more than a cognitive construct that is applied to physical phenomena, and cognition itself can only come from a mind; thus emergence can never explain mental experience as, by itself, it implies mental experience.
Conclusions
My approach is based on scientific knowledge of the brain's physical processes. My arguments show that physicalism is incompatible with the very foundations of scientific knowledge because current scientific understanding of molecular processes excludes the possibility that brain processes alone can account for the existence of consciousness.
An indivisible non-physical element must exist as a necessary condition for the existence of consciousness because mental experiences are linked to many distinct physical processes occurring at different points; it is therefore necessary for all these distinct processes to be interpreted collectively by a mind-independent element, and a mind-independent element can only be intrinsically indivisible because it cannot depend on subjectivity. This indivisible element cannot be physical because the laws of physics do not describe any physical entity with the required properties.
Marco Biagini
1:45:50
The "big hole" is there, but not in Yudkowsky's reasoning, but in Bach's. "Is it inevitable that it is going to be agentic." Yes, Joscha, it is. I recommend you looking at Twitter feed and seeing how every single company and AI enthusiast is doing their best to create "agents". So in a nutshell: you take an LLM – having more and more detailed model of the world, you put it in a for loop with some prompt (thus giving it a goal, "a purpose"), and you just got an agent. It takes waiting a couple of months till the LLMs have a model more precise than ours and here we become irrelevant.
"These are open questions. And are very speculative". They are not open. The models are becoming agentic at this precise moment in time.
Then Bach goes on by proposing that the most intelligent thing on Earth is Gaia. Seriously dude? The civilisation is at stake and you continue on playing with these absurd philosophical dilemmas?
Matrix chair
LIQUID AI EFFECT:-Joscha Bach: If you listen to Joscha Bach its like listening to 10 sentences in one line. YOU NEED TO UNZIP EVERY SENTENCE AND THEN ALSO YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO EASILY COMPREHEND HIM.
Every sentence of Joscha Bach is packed by high level of concepts.
The depth which he have is amazing.
He is working on LIQUID neural networks which are like brain and has helped create the MIND which is now in many ways better than normal mind.
1 hour of Joscha Bach is equivalent of 20 hours of other podcast.
Its like ALICE IN WONDERLAND but it only gets better. He is the person whco throws you in the RABIT HOLE.
It appears that my friend has been in this “scenario” a long time.
Long enough to describe, and long enough to know better.
Joscha.
We are very, very different…. because we are very much aligned.
Take care my old friend.
It would be unwise to mimic this man.
Or undermine him.
Tip of the hat ,
Jeremy
Joscha Bach sieht das alles nicht so eng aber nur alle paar Sekunden.
Η
Bach has previously given his reinterpretation of Genesis. Now, listening to the last section of this talk, I wish he would give some of that same attention to Revelation. I would be interested.
Fk these ads
Ooh, his description of Godel's insight is not a way I'd thought about it, that it refers to systems with "stateless truths", ie. in a sense the idea of atemporal, eternal truths, leading to contradictions when taken in isolation. It reminds me again of one of the ideas from Langan, that perception (which he views as the grounding for state logic in the universe) is necessary to solve certain paradoxes, like the Liar's paradox ("this statement is false"). It's a particular take that does ground quantum measurement in perception. I don't know (haven't finished the episode) if Bach yet would take perceptions to be the necessary containers of state information, but I do believe he's mentioned thinking about the universe in this kind of stateless(programmatic)/stateful(procedural) dual before. Kind of like a relationship between platonic forms and physical instantiations, or again to refer to Langan, syntax and semantics in a "language of reality" system.
joscha bach is a heritage of humankind
Having access to the brilliant ideas of geniuses like him at your fingertips is truly inspiring. It's a shame that I'll never have the opportunity to meet him in person.
Great listening to one of the most sane humans on topics which create great confusion.
What is with the phone going past?
Short answer:
It might.
And it doesn’t need to be like the human brain/body, in order to do so.
Do you intentionally look like primegean doppleganger?
Prolly unintentional but Josh looks like a priest from opening angle and framing
nerds
We have never coexisted with a being 10x, 100x, 1000x our intelligence. To think we could anticipate the risks is (with respect) so arrogant.
AI challenges our own egos. A pattern I have noticed what are your fears get projected in what you expect from AI.
It's uplifting to see so much common sense in one human being, although I am not sure I agree with his assertation; that if we can build a thing we will understand it. and as for green goo, it is the most successful organism on Earth and probably the universe- ie bacteria, viruses and their analogues…
so will this help with games how will this help with games
We need an AI agent's ai can reason code program script map. So games break it down and do art assets do long term planing. Better reason so it can do a game rather than write it out. Or be able to put those ideas into
REALITY. And maybe being able to remember and search the ent conversation needed for role
playing and making games.
I just changed the playback speed to 0.75% and Joscha talks at normal speed for the rest of us ❤
One of the most interesting minds on the Intertubes. Thanks 👍
Isn't it obvious he is a genius? In fact, he is from the Bach family. He already has the rare and strong gene in his DNA. If 369 were Qualia, his genome must be aligned and is vibrating with the number 9/agency/cosmic consciousness. No wonder his theory attracts people.
Doesn't it feel more natural for the human to create GMO(human), rather than focusing on mechanical AGI? Isn't it easier, cheaper and safer path for the human? Genius sounds more organic and familiar to me.
Somewhere in the multiverse, there is a version of me who can keep stride with Joscha Bach's ravenous intellect, curiousity, and dogged pursuit of unadulterated reality. But finding myself in this particular world, I can only pray and listen with playback set at a quarter-speed. I recommend listening in such a fashion, while running a half-marathon. Robinson, you remain the GOAT of bringing the biggest ideas of our boldest thinkers to the curious masses.