DevOps Day-6 Linux advance commands – ln softlink hardlink, Input Output redirection

Are you a Linux enthusiast or a curious user looking to enhance your knowledge of this powerful operating system? In this post, we’ll explore some fundamental concepts that can help you become more proficient with Linux: Soft Links, Hard Links, and Input Output Redirections.

Linux Links: Soft vs. Hard Links

Soft Links Symbolic Links:

Soft links, also known as symbolic links, are references to files or directories.
They act as pointers, pointing to the target file or directory’s path.
Soft links can span across different file systems, making them versatile.
You can create a symbolic link using the ln -s command. For example:
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ln -s /path/to/target /path/to/link
Hard Links:

Hard links are multiple directory entries pointing to the same underlying inode (data).
They are constrained to the same file system, which means they can’t link to files on different partitions.
Changing the content in one hard link will change the content for all other hard links to the same inode.
You can create hard links using the ln command without the -s option. For example:
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ln /path/to/target /path/to/link
Input/Output Redirections:

Linux provides a powerful way to manage input and output using redirections. This functionality is incredibly useful for managing files, streams, and processes.

1. Standard Input (stdin – 0): By default, commands read input from the keyboard.

Redirecting standard input:
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command inputfile
2. Standard Output (stdout – 1): By default, commands write output to the terminal.

Redirecting standard output:
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command outputfile
3. Standard Error (stderr – 2): By default, error messages are sent to the terminal.

Redirecting standard error:
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command 2 errorfile
4. Combining Standard Output and Standard Error:

You can also combine standard output and standard error into a single file:
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command outputfile 2&1
5. Appending Output:

If you want to append to a file instead of overwriting it, use :
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command outputfile
6. Pipes (|):

Pipes allow you to connect the output of one command to the input of another:
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command1 | command2
7. Null Device (/dev/null):
To discard output, you can redirect it to /dev/null:
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command /dev/null
These Linux concepts are essential for efficiently managing files and processes. Whether you’re a system administrator, developer, or just a Linux enthusiast, understanding how to use soft and hard links and input/output redirections can make your life easier and more productive in the world of Linux.
Don’t hesitate to experiment with these concepts in a safe environment to deepen your understanding of Linux and make the most of its powerful features.

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